Disparities in Sleep Health and Potential Intervention Models: A Focused Review.

Disparities in sleep health are important but underrecognized contributors to health disparities. Understanding the factors contributing to sleep heath disparities and developing effective interventions are critical to improving all aspects of heath. Sleep heath disparities are impacted by socioeconomic status, racism, discrimination, neighborhood segregation, geography, social patterns, and access to health care as well as by cultural beliefs, necessitating a cultural appropriateness component in any intervention devised for reducing sleep health disparities. Pediatric sleep disparities require innovative and urgent intervention to establish a foundation of lifelong healthy sleep. Tapping the vast potential of technology in improving sleep health access may be an underutilized tool to reduce sleep heath disparities. Identifying, implementing, replicating, and disseminating successful interventions to address sleep disparities have the potential to reduce overall disparities in health and quality of life.

Ansiedad y calidad de sueño en estudiantes de medicina: ¿Existe una relación con la anemia? / Anxiety and poor sleep quality in medical students. Is there a relationship with anemia?

Introducción: Los estudiantes de medicina suelen ser vulnerables a sufrir trastornos de salud mental como la ansiedad y una mala calidad de sueño. Ambos pueden repercutir negativamente en su conducta alimentaria, lo cual podría generar problemas de anemia a mediano o largo plazo durante su carrera. Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia de ansiedad y mala calidad de sueño y evaluar la asociación con la presencia de anemia en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad pública peruana. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico realizado en 80 estudiantes de medicina del primer al cuarto año. Usamos el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) y el Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh (ICSP) para evaluar síntomas de ansiedad y la calidad de sueño, respectivamente. Incluimos también data sociodemográfica, académica y conductual. Así mismo, determinamos la presencia de anemia a través de la obtención de hemoglobina, siguiendo los procedimientos estipulados por el Ministerio de Salud. Resultados: Encontramos que el porcentaje de ansiedad y mala calidad de sueño fueron de 62,5 por ciento y 63,7 por ciento, respectivamente. Ser mujer (RPa: 1,39; 95 por ciento CI: 1,01-1,91) y tener anemia moderada (RPa: 1,31; CI 95 por ciento: 1,06-1,64) se asociaron a tener ansiedad. Por su parte, los factores asociados a una mala calidad de sueño fueron estar en Clínicas (RPa: 1,54; CI 95 por ciento: 1,17-2,02) y tener anemia moderada (RPa: 1,52; CI 95 por ciento: 1,09-2,11). Conclusión: La ansiedad y la calidad de sueño fueron problemas frecuentes en los estudiantes de medicina evaluados. Tener anemia moderada fue un factor asociado para ambos casos(AU)

Introduction: Medical students are often vulnerable to mental health disorders such as anxiety and poor sleep quality. Both can have a negative impact on their eating behavior, which could generate middle- and long-term anemia-related problems during their studies. Objective: To identify the prevalence of anxiety and poor sleep quality and to evaluate the association with anemia in medical students of a Peruvian public university. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study in 80 medical students from the first to the fourth year. We used the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess anxiety symptoms and sleep quality, respectively. We also included sociodemographic, academic, and behavioral data. Likewise, we determined the presence of anemia by obtaining hemoglobin results, following the procedures stipulated by the Peruvian Ministry of Health. Results: We found a percentage of anxiety and poor sleep quality of 62.5 percent and 63,7 percent , respectively. To be female (RPa: 1,39; 95 percent CI: 1,01-1,91) and to have moderate anemia (PRa: 1,31; 95 percent CI: 1,06-1,64) were associated with anxiety. On the other hand, the factors associated with poor sleep quality were to be located in Clinics (PRa: 1,54, 95 percent CI: 1,17-2,02) and to have moderate anemia (PRa: 1,52, CI95 percent : 1,09-2,11). Conclusion: Anxiety and sleep quality were frequent problems in the medical students studied. Moderate anemia was an associated factor for both cases(AU)